Solution properties and kinetics of aggregation of an alkyl-substituted poly(p-phenylene)

Freshly prepared solutions of poly(2,5-di-n-dodecyl-1,4-phenylene) (PPP 12) in toluene are metastable at room temperature with regard to a process which leads to the formation of aggregates composed of up to 100 individual macromolecules. This aggregation process has an induction period of more than 10 h at room temperature. The kinetics of aggregation was investigated by making use of a fast capillary membrane osmometer. Aggregation follows an Avrami–Evans type formalism and suggests that clusters of a lyotropic liquid crystalline phase of the polymer are formed of the same type as observed in the melt. The long induction period of aggregate formation in dilute solution in toluene allows to apply conventional techniques of molar mass determination like membrane osmometry and size-exclusion chromatography (SEC). A relationship [η] = 1.94 × 10−3 M0.94 was found for PPP 12 in toluene at 20 °C and a persistence length of 15.6 nm was derived applying the Bohdanecky-formalism. This gives evidence of the worm-like nature of the non-aggregated PPP 12 in dilute solution.