A bistable reaction–diffusion system in a stretching flow

We examine the evolution of a bistable reaction in a one-dimensional stretching flow, as a model for chaotic advection. We derive two reduced systems of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) for the dynamics of the governing advection–reaction–diffusion partial differential equations (PDE), for pulse-like and for plateau-like solutions, based on a non-perturbative approach. This reduction allows us to study the dynamics in two cases: first, close to a saddle–node bifurcation at which a pair of nontrivial steady states are born as the dimensionless reaction rate (Damköhler number) is increased, and, second, for large Damköhler number, far away from the bifurcation. The main aim is to investigate the initial-value problem and to determine when an initial condition subject to chaotic stirring will decay to zero and when it will give rise to a nonzero final state. Comparisons with full PDE simulations show that the reduced pulse model accurately predicts the threshold amplitude for a pulse initial condition to give rise to a nontrivial final steady state, and that the reduced plateau model gives an accurate picture of the dynamics of the system at large Damköhler number.