Time-dependent changes of zeta potential and other parameters of in situ calcium carbonate due to magnetic field treatment

Effects of permanent magnetic fields, north–south (N–S, 0.45 T), south–south (S–S, 0.1 T), and two south–south (2(S–S), 2×0.1 T) on sodium carbonate solution were investigated in a kinetic condition for various exposure time of the solution to the magnetic fields. From the solution and equimolar CaCl2 solution CaCO3 was precipitated. It was found that depending on the exposure time, the magnetic fields decreased surface tension of the sodium carbonate by 1–4 mN m−1. From the magnetized solution the rate of calcium carbonate precipitation was different than from untreated solution, as well as the sedimentation rates. Also electrokinetic potentials of in situ precipitated calcium carbonate were significantly affected in comparison to the reference system. The effects must be due to the magnetic field molecules of CaCO3, possible carbon atoms, where valency electron spins can be unpaired.