Public private partnership projects in Singapore: Factors, critical risks and preferred risk allocation from the perspective of contractors

Public private partnership (PPP) procurement was introduced into Singapore in 2003, and 10 PPP projects were successfully completed and have been in operation. This study aims to examine the critical success factors as well as the relative importance of positive and negative factors influencing the attractiveness of PPP projects in Singapore, and to identify the critical risk factors and preferred risk allocations for PPP projects in Singapore. The questionnaire survey results indicated that negative factors were more affirmative than the positive factors, and that 23 risk factors had significant criticalities. Eight risks would be preferably allocated to the public sector while 19 risks could be assigned to the private sector. 11 risks were preferred to be shared by both parties and the allocation of four risks depended on project circumstances. The findings of this study provide valuable information for organizations that intend to participate in PPP projects in Singapore.