Norgestomet- and oestradiol valerate-induced luteolysis is dependent upon the uterus

Beef heifers were assigned to three groups: (1) untreated controls (n=4), (2) Syncro-Mate B® (SMB)-treated (n=5), and (3) hysterectomized and SMB-treated (n=4). SMB was administered 8 or 9 days after oestrus, approximately 30 days after hysterectomy. This study was conducted to determine if the uterus was necessary for SMB to induce luteolysis. SMB induced premature luteolysis as only 20% of the intact SMB-treated heifers had ≥0.75 ng/ml of progesterone 7 days after the time of SMB treatment, compared to all (100%) of the untreated heifers (p<0.05). By 9 days after the time of SMB treatment, 25% of the untreated heifers and none (0%) of the intact SMB-treated heifers had ≥0.75 ng/ml of progesterone; however, all (100%) of the hysterectomized SMB-treated heifers had ≥0.75 ng/ml of progesterone (p<0.05). Therefore, SMB-induced luteolysis required the involvement of the uterus. The luteolysin, prostaglandin F2α, is probably the secretion from the uterus that mediates the SMB-induced luteolysis. SMB treatment, however, required 7–8 days to induce luteolysis.