Plasticizer residues by HRGC–MS in espresso coffees from capsules, pods and moka pots

Plasticizer residues in espresso coffee made from three capsule typologies, pods and moka pots were determined by GC–MS. The plasticizer migration from the coffee powder into espresso coffee as a result of brewing was evaluated. Among 27 investigated plasticizers, only DMP, DiBP, and DEHP were found in all analyzed samples. DEA and DEHS were found in capsules made from polystyrene with lid of aluminum and a heat seal layer of polyethylene. DEHA residues were determined in moka pots, in pods and in capsules made from polypropylene and in polypropylene with a micro-perforated film of low-density polyethylene lids. The migration assessment showed that DMP amounts were significantly higher in all capsule types, pods and moka pots, probably due to transfer from the plastic components of coffee machines, capsules and rubber sealing rings. In comparison with current values proposed by European agencies for food safety, the daily intake of plasticizers from espresso coffee was very low.