Analysis of phenolic compounds in Chinese olive (Canarium album L.) fruit by RPHPLC–DAD–ESI–MS

Qualitative analysis of acetone extracts from Chinese olive (Canarium album L.) fruit pulp was performed by means of reversed phase high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to diode array detection and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (RPHPLC–DAD–ESI–MS). Seven phenolic compounds were identified (gallic acid, methyl gallate, ethyl gallate, ellagic acid, brevifolin carboxylic acid, sinapic acid, and hyperin) by comparing their retention times, UV–Vis absorption spectra and mass spectra with authentic standards or literature data. In addition, six other phenolic compounds, including one kaempferol hexoside and five hexahydroxydiphenoyl (HHDP) derivatives, were partially identified. All of these phenolic compounds, except gallic acid, ellagic acid and hyperin, are reported in Canarium album L. for the first time. Quantification of phenolic compounds was performed by HPLC–DAD, which revealed that gallic acid (166 mg/100 g FW), ellagic acid (87.8 mg/100 g FW) and HHDP hexose (80.9 mg/100 g FW) were the major phenolic compounds in Chinese olive fruit.