Delayed extraction-constant momentum Time-of-flight mass spectrometry

Compared to the traditional ion acceleration up to the same energy, constant momentum acceleration increases twice the mass dispersion coefficient of the time-of-flight analyzers. Homogeneous single field ion sources operated in constant momentum regime can be combined with two stage electrostatic mirrors to ensure velocity focusing in time. An ion source having the geometry of quadrupole ion trap can be combined with a drift space of appropriate length to reach perfect velocity focusing in time. In both cases the main aberrations and resolution formulas were derived. For specific geometries the resolutions were estimated.