Progress in ring cooler studies

A “Merit Factor” giving the increase in 6D phase space density is defined, and expressed as a function of the ringʹs acceptances, acceleration and other parameters. It is shown that the merit is strongly dependent on the angular (to the fourth power) and momentum (squared) acceptances, and it is shown that these acceptances must be very large for good performance. Several examples of designs are given that show good performance when calculated with some idealization of the fields, and one example is shown that was simulated with real fields. The needs for further work are discussed.