Extrinsic properties affecting the thermoelectric power output of few layer graphene/polyvinylidene fluoride composite thin films

Graphene containing thin film polymer composites possess favorable thermoelectric properties that allow them to be considered for use in low powered applications where durability and weight are important considerations. The use of these materials will be subject to the properties of the specific application, making it necessary to quantify the dependence of the thermoelectric power output on these extrinsic properties. In this study, we show that the power output for a 60 wt% few layer graphene/polyvinylidene composite is dependent on the absolute temperature, temperature difference, and dimensions of the heat source and magnitude of the load resistance. Additionally, the peak power output is achieved when the load resistance matches the internal resistance of the composite. These results demonstrate that it is necessary to optimize the extrinsic properties of the specific application when designing a thermoelectric module to maximize the power output.