Development of pollution indices for the middle section of the Lower Seyhan Basin (Turkey)

Pollution indices aggregate concentrations of several water or air quality parameters into a single quantity to indicate the general status of pollution in a region. Several pollution index models are present in literature. However, their application for different cases may require modifications based on implementation goals and available data. In this study, modified pollution indices were used to evaluate the pollution status in the middle section of the Lower Seyhan River Basin by employing a geographical information system (GIS) software (ArcGIS 9.3) for data processing, estimations and evaluations. Air quality index (AQI) and water quality index (WQI) were utilized to evaluate air and water pollution levels, respectively. Moreover, a composite air–water quality index (AWQI) was developed to perform a general assessment about the overall pollution status. The WQI and AQI were calculated for 2004–2010 and 2007–2010, respectively. The AWQI was developed for the period of 2007–2010. Results indicated that for the available data and time frame considered in the study, air and water qualities were in good conditions (low pollution), in general. Yet, precautions could still be taken for improvement. Results also indicated the need for improvement of monitoring network for better assessment of the environmental quality in the whole basin. In general, GIS tools were very helpful in the development of the indices.