Hydrothermal synthesis and characterization of (Zr1−xSnx)TiO4 (x = 0.05–0.20) powders

(Zr1−xSnx)TiO4 (x = 0.05–0.20) powders with a single phase were prepared under mild conditions by the hydrothermal method, and characterized in detail by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and other techniques. The reaction conditions such as temperature, time, and alkali concentration were investigated, and the microwave properties of the as-prepared powders were measured. Compared with particles synthesized by the sol-gel process, the hydrothermal particles have low agglomeration and regular morphologies.