Radiation tolerance of epitaxial silicon carbide detectors for electrons and γ-rays

Particles detectors were made using semiconductor epitaxial 4H-SiC as the detection medium. The investigated detectors are formed by Schottky contact (Au) on the epitaxial layer and an ohmic contact on the backside of 4H-SiC substrates with different micropipe densities from CREE. For radiation hardness studies, the detectors have been irradiated with electrons (8.2 MeV) and γ-rays (60Co source) at fluences and doses ranging from 0 to 9.48×1014 e/cm2 and 40 Mrad, respectively. We present experimental data on the charge collection properties by using 4.14 MeV α-particles impinging on the Schottky contact. Hundred percent Charge Collection Efficiency, CCE, is demonstrated for reverse voltages higher than the one needed to have a depletion region equal to the α-particle projected range, even after the irradiation at the highest dose. By comparing measured CCE values with the outcomes of drift–diffusion simulations, values are inferred for the hole lifetime, τp, within the neutral region of the charge carrier generation layer. τp was found to decrease with increasing radiation levels, ranging from 300 ns in non-irradiated detectors to 3 ns in the most irradiated ones. The diffusion contribution of the minority charge carriers to CCE is pointed out.