A parameterization of sulphate production in convective clouds for use in large-scale models

A parameterization that describes in-cloud oxidation of S(IV) by hydrogen peroxide and ozone that is based on the reaction rate equations and basic cloud characteristics, has been developed for use in large-scale models. This parameterization is an explicit function of the concentration of ambient chemical species and some gross cloud parameters. Comparisons of the parameterization scheme with a well-established three-dimensional cloud chemistry model, and also with the cloud chemistry module of a regional model have been used to formulate and test this parameterization scheme. Results show that the parameterization agrees with the 3-D chemistry model very well and that the parameterization holds considerable potential for application in large-scale models.