Guidelines for EIA of fish and shrimp hatcheries in a semi-enclosed water body

Natural fisheries in most parts of the world are under pressure due to heavy fishing activities and pollution threats. The establishment of fish and shrimp hatcheries using native species provides an opportunity for replenishment of fish and shrimp stocks in an environmentally responsible manner. This paper provides guidelines for conducting an EIA of fish and shrimp hatcheries in a semi-enclosed water body, such as the Arabian Gulf and Red Sea. The purpose of the guidelines is to outline issues that may be relevant to the design and construction of hatcheries and to identify important factors for consideration in an EIA study. Effective consultations and technical discussions during the design stage with project proponent and relevant government agencies are recommended. Early evaluation of alternative sites and consideration of environmental factors in ascertaining the suitability of intended project site can help minimize potential impacts. Aspects to be considered in depth include impacts on water quality, sediment and habitat loss. The paper also provides suggested mitigation measures for minimizing potential impacts along with key elements to be considered in the development of an adequate Environmental Management and Monitoring Plan.