The extended fuzzy C-means algorithm for hotspots in spatio-temporal GIS

In spatial analysis buffer impact areas are called hotspots and are determined by means of density clustering methods. In a previous work, we found these hotspots in the context of a Geographic Information System (GIS) by using the extended fuzzy C-means (EFCM). Here we show how the spatial distribution of the hotspots can evolve temporally and like applicational example, we present the spatial-temporal evolution in the period 2000–2006 of the fire point-events data of the Santa Fè district (NM) (downloaded from URL: www.fs.fed.us/r3/gis/sfe_gis.shtml).