A simulation study using EFA and CFA programs based the impact of missing data on test dimensionality

This study examines the impact of missing rates and data imputation methods on test dimensionality. We consider how missing rate levels (10%, 20%, 30%, and 50%) and the six missed data imputation methods (Listwise, Serial Mean, Linear Interpolation, Linear Trend, EM, and Regression) affect the structure of a test. A simulation study is conducted using the SPSS 15.0 EFA and CFA programs. The EFA results for the six methods are similar, and all results obtained two factors. The CFA results also fit the hypothesized two factor structure model for all six methods. However, we observed that the EM method fits the EFA results relatively well. When the percentage of missing data is less than 20%, the impact of the imputation methods on test dimensionality is not statistically significant. The Serial Mean and Linear Trend methods are suggested for use when the percentage of missing data is greater than 30%.