Numerical Simulation of Non-Newtonian Core Annular Flow through Rectangle Return Bends

The volume of fluid (VOF) model together with the continuum surface stress (CSS) model is proposed to simulate the core annular of non-Newtonian oil and water flow through the rectangle return bends (∏-bends). A comprehensive investigation is conducted to generate the profiles of volume fraction, pressure and velocity. The influences of oil properties, flow direction, and bend geometric parameters on hydrodynamic of nonNewtonian oil and water core annular flow in ∏-bends are discussed. Through computational simulations the proper bend geometric parameters were identified, these results are useful for designing and optimizing the pipefitting system.