A reexamination of the Sudbury landing

The arrival of the massive body that led to the Sudbury impact structure has been interpreted as a relatively gentle event, with temperatures not exceeding 1300 K on the basis of the presence of fullerene-caged helium. Such temperatures are well below the 10,000 K peaks suggested in large impact modeling, and in contrast to that higher temperature regime they can accommodate the survival of exogenous precursors to life. A reexamination of the kinetics of the thermolysis of C60-helium shows that the impact was probably not extraordinary, and yielded temperatures in the extreme range. Thermodynamic and kinetics arguments suggest, moreover, that the fullerenes were not extraterrestrial in origin but produced during impact.