In vitro Soluble CD30 Levels in Patients with Chronic Stable Coronary Artery Disease

The CD30 antigen seems to play a costimulatory role in maintaining the physiological balance between T-helper (Th)1/Th2 immune responses. In this study, plasma and in vitro soluble CD30 (sCD30) secretion was investigated in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) as a plausible marker of dysregulated immune response. Twenty one patients with angiographically confirmed CAD and 31 healthy controls took part in this study. The levels of the activation marker sCD30 were determined in plasma and phytohaemagglutinin (PHA)-stimulated and unstimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cell cultures by ELISA. Plasma sCD30  levels did  not  differ significantly between  the  patients  and  controls. However,  spontaneous  sCD30  secretion  was significantly lower in  patients  with  CAD compared to controls (p < 0.001). The soluble CD30 levels were significantly increased in the supernatant of PHA-stimulated PBMCs compared to unstimulated cultures in both groups of patients and controls (p < 0.001). PHA-stimulated sCD30 secretion was found to be lower in patients compared to controls; however, the difference was not statistically significant. Plasma sCD30 levels were not statistically different in patients with chronic stable CAD, a well-known Th1-mediated disease, compared to controls;  whereas decreased spontaneous and PHA-stimulated sCD30 secretion in patients with CAD might indicate the progressive shift towards a Th1 immune response.