Relationship between breastfeeding factors and breast cancer in women referred to Seyed Al‑Shohada Hospital in Isfahan, Iran

Background: Breast cancer is the most common malignancy and a major cause of cancer deaths among women. Breastfeeding is presented as a probable protective factor against breast cancer, however, the effect of different breastfeeding patterns and duration of breastfeeding on this factor is not well determined. Thus, the aim of this research was to evaluate factors related to breastfeeding and breast cancer. Materials and Methods: This case–control study was conducted on 98 women with breast cancer and 198 healthy women who were selected through systematic random sampling method. Studied variables included demographic characteristics, reproduction characteristics, duration of breastfeeding, and breastfeeding pattern. The study variables were measured using a researcher‑made questionnaire through self‑report method. The two groups were matched in terms of place of residence and age. The data analysis was performed using logistic regression. Results: A relationship was observed between breast cancer and marital status (P = 0.04), education level (P = 0.02), individuals’ perspectives of their economic status (P = 0.001), and lack of breastfeeding (P = 0.006). However, no relationship was found between breast cancer and reproductive factors. Moreover, multiple logistic regression analysis results showed that breast cancer only had a relationship with individuals’ perspectives of their economic status with o‎r of 0.31 (95% CI: 0.16–0.59). Conclusions: The results showed that there was no relationship between breast cancer and reproductive factors and breastfeeding pattern. Due to the difference between the findings of this research and other researches, genetic, epigenetic, and cultural differences must be considered in the evaluation of risk factors for breast cancer.