Association between ELF and RF electromagnetic field and Leukemia

Extremely low frequency (ELF) electromagnetic field (ELF-EMFs) are extensively employed in electrical appliances and different equipment such as TV sets, ELF-EMFs can affect biological systems by intensifying generation ROS. The changed balance between ROS generation and elimination plays a important role in a diversity of pathologic conditions. ROS levels have been observed in some hematopoietic malignancies including acute and chronic myeloid leukemia. ELF-EMFs exposure significantly reduced Nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) protein expression Lower levels of NO have been proved to exert a protective role in leukemic and melanoma cells and to prevent effector caspases by S-nitrosylation. Also ELF-EMFs can reduction melatonin production by effects on N-acetyltransferase. Melatonin is an antioxidant, impressive in protecting DNA. Transmitters emitting radio frequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMFs) are generally not located in residential areas but some epidemiology studies showed correlation distance transmitters from residential area and leukemia.