Acute kidney injury and posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome in a boy with β thalassemia major

Renal involvement in thalassemia major is an important concern of both pediatric nephrologists and pediatric hematologists. Both glomerular and tubular injury may precede overt kidney dysfunction in these patients and may be due to deleterious effects of hemolysis, iron overload and iron chelator therapy. Here we present a case of thalassemia major with acute kidney injury with findings in favor of hemolytic uremic syndrome and consequent posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome who needed multiple sessions of hemodialysis and finally recovered uneventfully.