Response Surface Methodology for Optimization of Green Silver Nanoparticles Synthesized via Phlomis Cancellata Bunge Extract

Green synthesis of metal nanoparticles is an interesting issue of nanoscience due to its simplicity and eco-friendliness. The present study describes a cheaper, non-toxic and simple route for biosynthesis of Silver nanoparticles using Phlomis cancellata Bunge extracts. Since the experimental conditions of this procedure play vital roles in the synthesis rate of the nanoparticles, a response surface methodology using the central composite design was employed for testing the reaction variables. The individual and interactive effects of process variables (temperature, time, concentration of AgNO3 and pH) on the production rate of AgNPs were monitored and the optimal reaction conditions for the maximum production were found at the reaction temperature of 77.62 °C, duration of 24.79 min, pH of 6.84 and concentration of 4.76 mM of AgNO3. AgNPs were characterized by advanced techniques like UV-Vis spectroscopy (UV-Vis), infrared spectroscopy (IR), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). The weight composition of Ag synthesized by Phlomis cancellata Bunge leaf extracts is higher than those normally found in other sources highlighting its industrial application. However, the use of Phlomis cancellata leaves can add value to a non-usable waste.