A New Smart CMOS Image Sensor with On‑Chip Neuro‑Fuzzy Bleeding Detection System for Wireless Capsule Endoscopy

Background: In this paper, we have presented a new custom smart CMOS image sensor (CIS) for low power wireless capsule endoscopy. Method: The proposed new smart CIS includes a 256 × 256 current mode pixels array with a new on‑chip adaptive neuro‑fuzzy inference system that has been used to diagnosing bleeding images. We use a new pinned photodiode to realize the current mode of active pixels in the standard CMOS process. The proposed chip has been implemented in 0.18 µm CMOS 1P6M TSMC RF technology with a die area of 7 mm × 8 mm. Results and Conclusion: A built‑in smart bleeding detection system on CIS leads to decrease in the RF transmitter power consumption near zero. The average power dissipation of the proposed smart CIS is 610 µW.