Evaluation of Anti-Mullerian Hormone Predictive Value and Antral Follicle Count in the Success Rate of Ovarian Drilling in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Background: Laparoscopic ovarian drilling (LOD) is recommended for the treatment of women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) resistant to clomiphene citrate. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of ovarian drilling on the serum levels of anti-mullerian hormone (AMH), androgens, and the number of antral follicles. Methods: This was a pre- and post-clinical trial performed on 30 infertilewomenwith PCOS resistant to clomiphene citrate. Patients underwentstandard laparoscopic ovarian drilling. Serumlevels of AMHandandrogensandantral follicle count (AFC)weresurveyed before LOD and three and six months after LOD. The ovarian ovulation rate in each month was also monitored for six months. Then, the association between changes in these parameters, especially the level of AMH, and postoperative ovulation was investigated. A P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The number of antral follicles three (3.008.00) and six months (7.734.14) after ovarian drilling showed a significant decrease compared to preoperative values (12.404.02) (repeated-measures ANOVA, P < 0.001). The mean AMH (6.781.08 versus 12.25 1.35; P = 0.005) and the antral follicle count (7.71 0.54 versus 12.29 0.67 and P < 0.001) were lower in ovulation than in non-ovulation patients. The significantly more AMH reductions were seen in pregnant women (3.63 5.61) than in non-pregnant women (3.631.24) (P = 0.01). Conclusions: It may be possible to use the changes in AMH and AFC to predict the success rate of LOD.