Empirical M X-ray production cross sections for heavy elements by proton impact within Z-dependence analysis

New empirical M-shell X-ray production cross sections have been deduced by introducing the dependence of the universal trend of the experimental data on the atomic number of the target,noted as Z-dependence for semiempirical cross sections in our previous work. For this effect,the updated experimental data (from 1980 to 2009) are used to calculate the empirical cross sections for heavy elements with 60 ≤ Z ≤ 90 by proton impact. Finally,a comparison is made between the deduced results and other earlier works. © TÜBITAK.