THE INCIDENCE OF NEPHROCALCINOSIS IN VERY LOW BIRTH WEIGHT NEONATES

The risk of nephrocalcinosis (NC) in preterm neonates is considerable, but conflicting numbers are given for the actual incidence (10-65%). Furosemide induced hypercalciuria is said to be the main risk factor. We assessed prospectively the incidence, causes and outcome of NC in very low birth weight (less than 1500 g) preterm neonates by serial renal ultrasound scans and urine analysis. Infants born elsewhere and transferred after 24 hours of age were excluded, as those who where discharged or died before 7 days of age. Two infants developed NC, giving an overall incidence of 4% in the study group. The follow-up showed persisting NC in both preterm neonates. Urinary investigations showed no consistent findings in infants with NC. In conclusion, the incidence of NC was lower in our population than is usually reported. Routine renal ultrasound scanning of very low birth weight preterm neonates is valuable in detecting NC