Ecological Balance Development for Systematic Industrialization

One of the principles of the 2nd Penang Strategic Development Plan is systematic ecological balance development in this new era to achieve industrialized nation status. In order to achieve this principle, Penang has to take into account not only the forested areas but also other tree vegetation areas, to be properly managed for efficient control of the environment when carrying our engineering works. Treevegetations discussed in this paper are confined to rubber plantation, oil palm plantation and fruit orchard. Issues that are discussed in relation to managing forested land and tree vegetation areas for environmental objectives are environmental stability, recreation and open space, healthy city and management practices. The process of tree planting for environmental purposes, fauna conservation and effective landscaping are also presented.