Congenital right lung hypoplasia associated with dextrocardia

We read with interest the report of Almansori and Ouf [1], describing the case of an absence of the right lung associated with dextro-position of the heart in a 49-year-old female patient, who presented with pneumonia. We would like to make some comments on this regard. Absence of the lung is an extremely rare congenital anomaly resulting from a failure of development of the primitive lung bud [1], [2], [3]. Pulmonary agenesis is classified into three categories: Type 1 (Agenesis) – complete absence of lung and bronchus and no vascular supply to the involved side [2], [3]. Type 2 (Aplasia) – rudimentary bronchus with complete absence of pulmonary parenchyma [2], [3]. Type 3 (Hypoplasia) – presence of variable amounts of bronchial tree, pulmonary parenchyma and supporting vasculature [2], [3].