Use of Cytokine-rich Supernatant for Modulating Lymphocytes Proliferation and Antibody Levels in four Different Genetic Background Chicken Lines

Use of cytokines as adjuvants for avian is a potential opportunity to enhance chicken immune response. This study designed to investigate the importance of considering the genetic background of the host birds, antibody type, and the immune response assessment test before potential use of cytokines-rich supernatant as an adjuvant. One hundred twenty-eight sires represent equally Cobb, Hisex, Hajar1, and Hajar2 parent lines were used. Treatment group birds in each line received 1 ml injection of Cytokine-rich supernatant per each kg of body weight at 40 wk of age. On the same day, all birds received a single dose of Newcastle disease (ND) vaccine, 1 ml of sheep red blood cells (SRBC) 20% suspension, and subcutaneous 4 mg of bovine serum albumin (BSA). ND and SRBC titers were measured at 0, 3, 7, and 10 days of the experiment. After 7 days, delayed hypersensitivity (DHT) response, in vitro lymphocyte proliferation using MTT (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) and viable cell count assays were measured. Antibody titer against ND and SRBC of Cobb and Hisex sires recorded the highest significant values for ND and the lowest values for SRBC. The treatment positively affected MTT results of Cobb and Hisex birds compared to control groups but did not affect Hajar 1 and Hajar 2 birds. Viable cell count indicated significant increases in all treated birds. It is important to consider the difference in genetic background of the chickens lines before treatment where, they response at different levels for cytokine-rich supernatant as adjuvants.