Hakisan Muara dan Pantai Kuala Kemaman,Terengganu: Permasalahan Dimensi Fizikal dan Sosial

This article deals with the impacts of erosion in the estuary and coastal area at the Kuala Kemaman from two dimensions. Firstly, physical dimension which involves the estuary and coastal monitoring due to severe erosion, and second the human dimension which focus on the problem and dilemma among the coastal community in the Kuala Kemaman particularly the issues of security and their migration to Paya Berenjut. Results analysed using photo survey year 1997, aerial photo year 2000 and photo survey year 2004 indicate that the Kemaman River estuary face severe erosion. Efforts carried out by the Drainage and Irrigation Department (DID) to control the erosion using beach nourishment technique in 1998 was unable to control the disaster. The erosion also hugely impacted the coastal community. Apart from having lost their shelters, house lots and grave area, coastal erosion also created problems to the fisherman in Kuala Kemaman. Although the government provided alternative housing lots in Paya Berenjut, problems such as migration, boat equipments security and lack of infrastructure facilities instigated most of the fishermen to refuse to move to the new residential area in Paya Berenjut. Long term planning on erosion issues must accordingly address the physical aspect such as building gabion, wave retention wall and beach nourishment, as well as the well-being of the full time fisherman.