Conceptions of Autonomy in Language Learning from a Cultural Perspectives Using Q Methodology

Abstract: The adoption of Autonomy in Language Learning (ALL) is claimed to be beneficial to learners learning a second or foreign language. It is asserted that through ALL, learners are able to make better progress and continue to learn and acquire the target language even after the formal learning is over. Nonetheless, the consensus on what ALL entails and its universal applicability is still questioned. There are debates on the possibility of ALL paradigm shifts due to cultural perspectives. In addressing this issue, an investigation of the conception of ALL among Malay trainee teachers of English as a Second Language in Malaysia was carried out. The objective was to explore the participants’ subjective viewpoints of ALL. In an attempt to do this systematically, Q Methodology was chosen. This method allows for the researcher to have insights and identify the participants’ conceptions of ALL. The result showed that the trainee teachers conceptualized interdependence as well as empowerment and flexibility as important in ALL. The finding corroborate with the notion of students constructing knowledge from experience, which may have its basis on cultural background.