Experimental Colon Loop Seromuscular Cover Cystoplasty in Dogs

Enterocystoplasty, using small or large bowel, is a technique used to restore bladder capacity and improve compliance. Some complications still develop when intestinal mucosa and urine remain in contact for prolonged periods. The purpose of this study is to evaluate colon loop seromuscular cover cystoplasty, after 25% partial cystectomy. This experimental study was performed on 9 apparently healthy mongrel dogs. Three dogs, used as control group, subjected to 25% partial cystectomy and cystorrhaphy. Six dogs subjected to 25% partial cystectomy followed by colon loop cover cystoplasty. Evaluation of the surgical procedure was carried out by assessing the clinical, laboratory, ultrasonographic, radiographic and histopathologic changes after colon loop seromuscular cover augmentation cystoplasty. The urination frequency showed better results in treated dogs compared to the control group. The blood urea level reached its peak by the 3rd day postoperatively in both groups, but the closest values to the pre-surgical level was achieved by day 7 and day 28 postoperatively in the colon loop cover cystoplasty and control group, respectively. Serum creatinine level reached its peak by day 15 and day 3 postoperative in the colon loop cover cystoplasty and control group, respectively, while the closest value to the pre-surgical level was achieved by day 28 and day 15 postoperatively in the augmentation and the control group, respectively. Grossly contact between the colon loop and the bladder was perfect and internal mucosal surface changes were evident at both 6 and 12 weeks postoperatively, wall irregularity and intra luminal debris were evident ultrasonographically, characteristic contrast cystographic appearance, mucosal changes, reepithelization, vascularization, and inflammatory reactions were assessed histopathologically. It was concluded that colon loop seromuscular cover cystoplasty is a simple efficient successful procedure to increase urinary bladder capacity with minimal complications in dogs.