Sustainable fuel supply network design by integrating gas oil and biodiesel supply chains under uncertainty

In recent years, research has shown that biomass as an alternative energy source for fossil fuels can be effective in decreasing recent environmental crises. Next, the researchers examined how biofuels are produced through the oil supply chain infrastructure and came up with useful results. This paper is the first study to present the decisions of both chains simultaneously through a mathematical optimization model for the gas oil and biodiesel supply chains. The model proposed in this paper determines the connection point of two chains and other decisions related to network design with a sustainable development approach. The method used in this paper for solving the multiobjective model is the augmented epsilon constraint method. Also, to consider the uncertainty in export demand, the two-stage scenario-based stochastic programming method has been used. Finally, the performance of the mathematical programming model has been investigated through a case study in Iran, and its sensitivity analyzes have been performed.