antidiabetic, antioxidant and hypolipidemic potentials of sterculia setigera methanol stem bark extract in alloxan-induced diabetic rats

background: sterculia setigera is one of the medicinal plants used traditionally to treat various diseases with the insertion of diabetes. diabetes mellitus is a prolonged metabolic disorder recognized as a hyperglycemia. the present study aimed at investigating the antidiabetic activity of the methanol stem bark extract of sterculia setigera. methods: ld50 screening was evaluated using standard methods. the sub-chronic effect of sterculia setigera methanol stem bark extract on body weight, antidiabetic, antioxidant, lipid profile and histopathology were evaluated in alloxan-induced diabetic rats, respectively. results: acute toxicity study of methanol stem bark extract of sterculia setigera revealed no mortality in the animals at the limit dose of 5000 mg/kg during the 14 days observation period. in the in vivo study, alloxan was capable of inducing diabetic conditions as there was a significant increase (p 0.05) in the fasting blood glucose (fbg) of the entire induced groups compared with normal control. groups treated with crude extract of sterculia setigera (100-400 mg/kg) and the standard drug (glibenclamide) showed a significant decrease (p 0.05) in fbg compared with diabetics control. there were significant reductions (p 0.05) in serum tc, tg, vldl, ldl, cat, sod, gpx, vit e, vit a, and mda against diabetic control. on the other hand, significant increments (p 0.05) in body weight and hdl were observed in the treated groups compared to diabetic control diabetic. histopathological examination showed improvement in the regeneration of pancreatic β-cells islets. conclusion: in conclusion, sterculia setigera stem bark extract exhibit hypoglycaemic, hypolipidemic, and antioxidant effects justifying its ethnomedicinal use for the treatment of diabetes.