Optimal control strategy on the transmission dynamics of human papillomavirus (HPV) and human immunodeficiency viruses (HIV) coinfection

In this paper, optimal control theory is applied to Human Papillomavirus (HPV) and Human immunodeficiency viruses (HIV) coinfection model given by using a system of ordinary differential equations. Optimal control strategy was employed to study the effect of combining various intervention strategies on the transmission dynamics of HPV-HIV coinfection diseases. The necessary conditions for the existence of the optimal controls were established using Pontryagin’s Maximum Principle. Optimal control system was performed with help of Runge-Kutta forward-backward sweep numerical approximation method. Finally, numerical simulation illustrated that a combination of prevention, screening and treatment is the most effective strategy to minimize the disease from the community.