Description of the characteristics, epidemiology, diagnosis, and risk factors of presbycusis disorder

Presbycusis is one of the most important and common diseases associated with aging. This disease is a symmetrical, irreversible and progressive bilateral disease of the cochlea. Complications of presbycusis include perceptual disorders such as tinnitus and hyperacusis. Methods for diagnosing this disease include signal-to-noise ratio, pure tone audiometry, and self-assessment. Many risk factors are involved in the development of presbycusis, which are divided into two categories: Environmental factors and genetic factors. Environmental risk factors include noise and external factors that influence lifestyle and diet. Individual health factors that are also involved in this disease include underlying diseases, ototoxic medications, and aging. Another group of risk factors involved in obesity are genetic factors. Genetic risk factors include abnormalities in genes involved in cochlear and mitochondrial genome function. The aim of this study was to describe the characteristics of presbycusis and the epidemiology, diagnostic methods, and risk factors for this disease.