Speed–Flow–Geometry Relationships and Capacity for Two–Lane Single Carriageway Roads

The current Malaysian practice in road capacity analysis, Malaysian Highway Capacity Manual 2011 (MHCM) is based on a method adopted from the Highway Capacity Manual (HCM) of the United States. All the analysis elements appear to be taken directly from the manual. The rationale for using such a method for Malaysian conditions is not well defined. This paper deliberates the background of the methodology used in the development of speed, flow and geometry relationships and the capacity for single carriageway roads. A microscopic traffic simulation model which is capable of simulating traffic operations on single carriageway roads for a range of road geometry configurations and traffic flow conditions was developed and used to evaluate the potential capacity of a single carriageway road. The results of the analysis indicate that a two-lane single carriageway road is capable of accommodating traffic flow higher than the values derived from the previous HCM. The current version of the HCM also appears to underestimate the vehicles’ travel speed for a range of traffic flows when compared with the results of the simulation model. The MHCM 2011, on the other hand, estimated travel speeds higher than the travels speeds predicted by both the HCM 2010 and simulation model. It shows that there is a different interpretation of LOS F in term of speed between HCM 2010 and MHCM 2011.