Global Warming and Technologies for Carbon Capture and Storage

Global concern about climate change caused by anthropogenic activities, such as the large scale use of fossil fuels as major energy sources for domestic and industrial application, which on combustion give off carbon dioxide (CO_2) into the atmosphere. Deforestation is also reducing one of the natural sinks for CO_2. These anthropogenic activities have led to an increase in the concentration of CO_2 in the atmosphere and have thus resulted in the warming of the earth’s surface (Global Warming), droughts, melting of ice caps, and loss of coral reefs. Carbon capture and storage (CCS) and other variety of emerging technologies and methods have been developed. These technologies and methods are reviewed in this article.