Treatment and Diagnosis Roles of Nanoparticles Against SARS-CoV-2

In 2019, a new member of Coronavirus family, SARS-CoV-2, was appeared as a global pandemic and could infect 213 countries all over the world. Although some well-known companies have discovered SARS-CoV-2 vaccines, there is still not certain treatment in the world, especially for mutated species of this family. In addition of vaccine production, there are some antiviral or immunosuppression drugs that can reduce inflammation or interrupt one of the viral entrance steps to the cells. Now in this situation, nanoparticles because of their interesting features, such as the capability of being targeted to SARS-CoV-2 and the ultra-low detection limit can be considered as a novel treatment method of SARS-CoV-2 or even as reduction factors of SARS-CoV-2 infection rate. This review describes initially SARS-CoV-2 structure, internalization, and replication, along with its immunological responses and cell signaling that can be happened in the cells. Then, the role of nanotechnology in drug delivery toward SARS-CoV-2 and its detection are explained by gathering every research paper that studied SARS-CoV-2.