Evaluation of procollagen 1N propeptide for predicting osteomyelitis and epithelial neutrophil activator-78 for early wound healing in patients with diabetic foot

Osteomyelitis (OM) is a frequent side effect of diabetic foot infections and/or ulcers. Hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, remodelling, many cell types, intricate signalling processes, and a variety of growth hormones are all part of the complicated process of wound healing. Therefore, this study’s objective is to assess the amounts of procollagen type 1N propeptide for osteomyelitis diagnosis and epithelial neutrophil activator-78 for early wound healing in patients with diabetic foot. This study was included 138 participants (46 patients with the diabetic foot and 52 patients with type 2 diabetes without foot ulcer), their ages ranged from 45-70 years. In addition, healthy people (40) participants were included as a control group. Measurements of lipid profile, blood urea, and creatinine were done by spectrophotometry methods (Spinreact, 2 Spain), whereas measurements concentration of epithelial neutrophil activator-78 (ENA-78) and procollagen type I N-terminal peptide (PINP) were conducted by ELISA methods. This study revealed a highly significant increase of fasting blood glucose (FBG), HbA1c, ENA, and PINP (P 0.01) in type 2 diabetes mellitus and diabetic foot when compared with healthy control and between each other, while other parameters did not show any significant difference. There were marked elevations of serum P1NP ENA-78 in patients of diabetes only and diabetic foot and they had highly beneficial to diagnosis, risk stratification, and assessment the severity of these diseases.