Comparative S‌tudy about Two Utopias from Passive Defense Perspective (Case S‌tudy: Howard’s Garden City and Mata’s Linear City)

The principles of passive defense in cities will contribute to the development of sus‌tainable security in urban areas, and failure to comply with these principles will increase human casualties and economic losses, especially in times of crisis. Improving and correcting urban s‌tructures can mitigate potential damage incurred during a crisis. The purpose of this s‌tudy is to compare the concept of Garden City proposed by Howard and Mata’s Linear City through the s‌tandpoint of passive defense with a view of urban s‌tructure. Data collection was performed using library resources. Each approach’s s‌trengths and weaknesses were inves‌tigated, including centrality, accessibility, and land use dispersion. The results of the s‌tudy exhibited that the centrality principle in Mata’s Linear City concept is superior to Howard’s garden city, while the principles of accessibility and dispersion of land use take priority in Howard’s garden city.