A Reliable and Sustainable Design of Supply Chain in Healthcare under Uncertainty Regarding Environmental Impacts

Nowadays, designing a reliable network for blood supply chains by which most blood demands can be supplied is an important problem in the health care systems. In this paper, a multi-objective model is provided to create a sustainable blood supply chain, which contains multiple donors, collection centers, distribution centers, and hospitals at different echelons. Regarding the potential of a blood shortage occurring, the suggested model considers the supply chain s capacity to meet hospitals blood demands as dependable and a means of achieving the societal purpose. In addition, limiting the overall cost and environmental effect of designing a supply network and blood transportation are considered economical and environmental objectives. To solve the proposed multi-objective model, an improved -constraint approach is first employed to construct a single-objective model. Additionally, an Imperialist Competitive Algorithm (ICA) is developed to solve the single-objective model. Several test cases are analysed to determine the technique s effectiveness. CPLEX is then used to compare the results.