The Association between Depression, Self‑efficacy, and Health‑related Quality of Life Among Chinese Patients Undergoing Their First Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

Introduction: The demand for percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) has been steadily increasing along with the number of patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) in China. However, there is a lack of studies investigating health‑related quality of life (HRQoL), self‑efficacy, and depression among Chinese patients undergoing their first PCI. The aim of this study was to explore the association between depression, self‑efficacy, and HRQoL among Chinese patients with CHD undergoing their first PCI. Methods: In this cross‑sectional study, 212 Chinese patients with CHD who underwent their first PCI were recruited through convenience sampling from October 2019 to March 2020. HRQoL, self‑efficacy, and depression were assessed using the Seattle Angina Questionnaire, Cardiac Self‑Efficacy Scale, and Short‑Form Cardiac Depression Scale, respectively, along with the collection of patients’ sociodemographic and clinical information. Results: Among the 212 participants, the average age was 59.82 years, and 145 (68.4%) were male. The average scores for self‑efficacy, depression, and HRQoL were 33.49 (±10.28), 16.14 (±6.12), and 328.33 (±62.55), respectively. Among the 212 patients who underwent PCI, 134 (63.21%) were found to have depression symptoms according to the cutoff score of 14. A higher body mass index, a diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome, fewer years of CHD diagnosis, the absence of symptoms of depression and greater self‑efficacy were significantly positively associated with HRQoL. In total, these variables explained 37.2% of the variance in HRQoL. Conclusion: This study revealed that the HRQoL of patients in this group needs to receive more attention. A comprehensive secondary prevention intervention for CHD patients undergoing their first PCI should emphasize mitigating depression and positively influencing their self‑efficacy.