Correlation between tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 and neutrophil extracellular traps in systemic lupus erythematosus patients

Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) were released from apoptotic neutrophils to capture and kill pathogens. Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor 1 (TNFR1), the receptor for tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, has been shown to stimulate NET release. In addition, NETs can bolster proinflammatory cytokines’ output; including TNF-α, establishing a positive feedback loop that perpetuates inflammation and immune dysregulation in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). This cross-sectional study was conducted on SLE patients at two hospitals in Denpasar, Bali. TNFR-1 and NET serum levels were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit. Correlation, Odd Ratio (OR), and 95% Confidence interval (CI) were calculated. 44 patients with SLE were included in this study. Spearman Correlation test showed that TNFR1 had a positive association with NETs (r=0.621; p 0.001). Chi-Square test confirmed the positive association between TNFR1 and NETS (OR=7.11; 95% CI 1.88-26.80; p=0.003). Our study revealed a positive correlation between TNFR-1 and NETs. When TNFR1 levels are elevated, NET levels also increase.