Effects of Dietary Supplements and Anabolic Hormones on Hematological and Biochemical Parameters among Young Bodybuilders in Kurdistan Region of Iraq

Athletes and bodybuilders frequently utilize vitamins and anabolic hormones. Utilizing these substances, gymgoers can achieve their goals faster by consuming a combination of supplements and hormones boosts benefits. The current study was conducted to determine the possible adverse effects that several commonly used hormones and supplements may have on hematological and biochemical markers. Ninety people who participated in the research were split into three groups. The first group consisted of healthy people who were not athletes (control), the second group consisted of bodybuilders who did not use hormones and supplements (non-supplementary athletes), and bodybuilders who took hormones and supplements made up the third group (supplementary athletes). Here, hematological, liver function, and renal function parameters were investigated. Hematological parameters such as white blood cells (WBC), Lymphocytes (LYM), mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), and haematocrit (HCT) percentage change significantly between the groups. Similarly, the statistical change in serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and total serum bilirubin (TSB) level indicates the influence these substances have on the liver function. Serum urea and serum creatinine values reveal decreased renal function in group I. Mixed usage of supplements/hormones has more damaging effects on consumers’ health.