The effects of macroeconomic (monetary, fiscal, and exchange rate) and trade policies on indicators of sustainable development in Iran

The current uncertainties regarding the fragile recovery of the global economy continue to highlight the importance of studying and accurately predicting the path of leading indicators, especially macroeconomic indicators. Nevertheless, for all developed and developing countries, one of the basic goals of macroeconomic policies is to ensure economic stability. The purpose of this research is to investigate the impact of monetary, financial, foreign exchange and commercial policies on a sustainable economy. In this regard, the variables of wide money supply, credits allocated to the private sector, exchange rate, trade openness, cash liabilities, government expenditures and the market value of companies admitted to the stock exchange are used. The data were extracted from the World Bank database and the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model applied for analyzing the data for years 1990-2020. Results show that the real exchange rate, wide money supply, cash liabilities and commercial openness has a negative and significant impact on economic stability in the short and long term, but the variable of credits allocated to the private sector has a positive effect on the variable. has been affiliated Also, government spending and the market value of listed companies have a negative effect in the short term, but have a positive effect on the stable economy in the long term. Therefore, in addition to active macroeconomic policies, countries should use a wide range of supportive political interventions to achieve a stable economy, which include a specific combination of commercial, financial and currency policies.