CIRCADIAN PHASE-DEPENDENT ANTINOCICEPTIVE REACTION IN MICE DETERMINED BY THE HOT-PLATE TEST AND THE TAIL-FLICK TEST AFTER INTRAVENOUS INJECTION OF DALARGIN- LOADED NANOPARTICLES

What are phase-response curves (PRCs)? How can they be measured? How should they be plotted? These questions and many other fascinating facets of PRCs are addressed in this review, including research topics in which phase-resetting data have provided crucial insights: entrainment, phototransduction, pacemaker mechanism, phase markers of the pacemaker, and gauges of oscillator amplitude. PRCs have enlightened us and will continue to be a valuable tool in clock research.