Lightweight cold-formed portal frames for developing countries

Southern Africa is a developing area. In this regard, a severe demand exists for the development of the small to medium industrial sector, as well as provision of low-cost domestic housing. Correspondent to this demand, employment has to be created, mainly for the unskilled labour sector. Pre-manufactured hot-rolled steel sections which are bolted together on site are commonly used in the construction of industrial-type structures. An economical alternative structural concept for low-rise portals is proposed, whereby the total frame is made up of standard cold-formed sections which are cut and welded together on site.